Autonomy and agency

US Air Force and DARPA disclose first AI-versus-human in-air dogfight

The US Air Force Test Pilot School and DARPA disclosed that AI agents autonomously flew the X-62A experimental F-16 through within-visual-range combat engagements against a human-piloted F-16 during 2023 flight tests.

CURRENT ASSESSMENT · REVISION 1
TOWARD DOOM72confidence 98/100

Why it moved the index

Real flight tests demonstrated AI control of a high-performance combat aircraft in adversarial engagements, materially advancing consequential military physical autonomy.

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AUDIT TRAIL

Assessment history

  1. R1
    Toward 72 · confidence 98

    New April 2024 primary disclosure of completed AI-controlled in-air combat tests.

    12 Aug 2026